What is the best alternative to a Google Play developer account?
The realistic alternatives are three: publish through an established developer account (an agency or a publisher) and later transfer the app to yourself; register an organisation account, which skips the 12-tester rule but needs a D-U-N-S number; or distribute outside Play on Amazon Appstore, Samsung Galaxy Store, F-Droid or direct APK download. Only the first two put you on the Google Play Store itself. For most solo developers who need Play reach this month, publishing via an established console and then using Google’s official app transfer is the shortest legitimate path.